The History and Invention of the Jet Engine

The History and Invention of the Jet Engine Despite the fact that the development of the stream motor can be followed back to the aeolipile made around 150 B.C., Dr. Hans von Ohain and Sir Frank Whittle are both perceived similar to the co-creators of the stream motor as we probably am aware it today, despite the fact that each worked independently and remained unaware of the others work. Fly drive is characterized essentially as any progress ahead brought about by the retrogressive launch of a fast fly of gas or fluid. On account of air travel and motors, fly drive implies that the machine itself is controlled by fly fuel. While Von Ohain is viewed as the creator of the primary operational turbojet motor, Whittle was first to enroll a patent for his schematics of a model, in 1930. Von Ohain got a patent for his model in 1936, and his stream was the first to fly in 1939. Shaves took off without precedent for 1941. While von Ohain and Whittle might be the recognized dads of present day fly motors, numerous granddads preceded them, controlling them as they made ready for the stream motors of today. Early Jet Propulsion Concepts The aeolipileâ of 150 BCE was made as an anomaly and never utilized for any down to earth mechanical reason. Truth be told, it wouldnt be until the innovation of the firecrackers rocket in the thirteenth century by Chinese craftsmen that a functional use for stream drive was first executed. In 1633, Ottoman Lagari Hasan Çelebi utilized a cone-formed rocket fueled by fly drive to fly out of sight and a lot of wings to float it back to an effective landing. Be that as it may, on the grounds that rockets are wasteful at low speeds for general aeronautics, this utilization of fly impetus was basically a one-time stunt. Regardless, his exertion was remunerated with a situation in the Ottoman Army. Between the 1600s and World War II, numerous researchers tried different things with half and half motors to impel airplane. Many utilized one of the cylinder motors structures including air-cooled and fluid cooled inline and rotating and static outspread motors as the force hotspot for airplane. Sir Frank Whittles Turbojet Concept Sir Frank Whittle was an English flying architect and pilot who joined the Royal Air Force as a disciple, later turning into an aircraft tester in 1931. Shave was just 22 when he initially thought to utilize a gas turbine motor to control a plane. The youthful official attempted ineffectively to acquire official help for the examination and improvement of his thoughts however was at last compelled to seek after his exploration on his own drive. He got his first patent on turbojet drive in January 1930. Equipped with this patent, Whittle again looked for subsidizing to build up a model; this time effectively. He started development of his first motor in 1935 a solitary stage outward blower coupled to a solitary stage turbine. What was intended to be just a research center test rig was effectively seat tried in April 1937, viably showing the possibility of the turbojet idea. Force Jets Ltd. the firm with which Whittle was related gotten an agreement for a Whittle motor known as the W1 on July 7, 1939. In February 1940, the Gloster Aircraft Company was picked to build up the Pioneer, the little motor airplane the W1 motor was reserved to control; the noteworthy first trip of the Pioneer occurred on May 15, 1941. The advanced turbojet motor utilized today in numerous British and American airplane depends on the model concocted by Whittle. Dr. Hans von Ohains Continuous Cycle Combustion Concept Hans von Ohain was a German plane architect who acquired his doctorate in material science at the University of Gã ¶ttingen in Germany, later turning into the lesser aide to Hugo Von Pohl, executive of the Physical Institute at the college. At that point, von Ohain was researching another kind of airplane motor that didn't require a propeller. Just 22 years of age when he originally imagined the possibility of a constant cycle ignition motor in 1933, von Ohain licensed a fly drive motor plan in 1934 fundamentally the same as in idea to that of Sir Whittle, however extraordinary in inward course of action. Upon the common suggestion of Hugo von Pohl, Von Ohain joined German airplane developer Ernst Heinkel, at the time looking for help with new plane drive structures, in 1936. He proceeded with advancement of his fly impetus ideas, effectively seat testing one of his enginesâ in September 1937. Heinkel planned and built a little airplane known as the Heinkel He178, to fill in as a testbed for this new drive framework, which flew just because on August 27, 1939. Von Ohain proceeded to build up a second, improved stream motor known asâ the He S.8A, which was first flown on April 2, 1941.

Igor Stravinsky Essay Example for Free

Igor Stravinsky Essay Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky was conceived on June seventeenth, 1882 in Oranienbaum, Russia. He was one of four to his clean guardians, Anna nã ©e Kholodovsky and Fyodor Stravinsky. Igor Stravinsky’s first exposer to music was from his dad, who was a bass vocalist at the Mariinsky Theater in St. Petersburg. His dad helped him become familiar with the affection for music. His first melodic training started at nine years old with piano exercises, considering music hypothesis, and endeavoring sythesis. By fifteen, he had aced Mendelssohn’s Piano Concerto in G Minor and completed a piano decrease of a string group of four by Glazunov. That equivalent year, Stravinsky defied the Russian Orthodox Church and surrendered it. Despite the fact that he exceeded expectations in music, his folks despite everything needed him to turn into a legal counselor. In 1901, Stravinsky enlists at the University of Saint Petersburg; anyway he never goes to a large number of his classes during the four years of school. At the point when it came time to take last assessments in 1905, the school was shut for two months in light of Bloody Sunday. He afterwards got a half course confirmation in April 1906. In 1902, Stravinsky started getting private exercises from Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, the main Russian arranger around then. That exact same year Stravinsky’s father kicks the bucket from disease. In 1905 Igor Stravinsky proposes to his first cousin Catherin Nossenko. Despite the fact that the Orthodox Church contradicts marriage of first cousins, they got hitched on January 23rd, 1906. The equivalent of his marriage, Stravinsky’s makes first significant arrangement Symphony in E Flat. The next year they have their first youngster Theodore and afterward the following year they have their second kid Ludmila. A similar year as Ludmila’s birth, Rimsky, Stravinsky’s father like figure, bites the dust. In 1909, Stravinsky’s structures, Scherzo fatastique and Feu d’artifice (Fireworks) where performed at a show in St. Petersburg. In that very crowd Serge Diaghilev, originator of the Ballets Russes, was incredibly dazzled. He was dazzled to such an extent that he picks Stravinsky to do arrangements and to make a full length expressive dance, The Firebird. In 1910 Stravinsky voyages Paris for the chief of The Firebird. At this exhibition he meets Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, and numerous other significant artists. Towards the finish of the expressive dance season, his family moves to Switzerland with him and, Catherine anticipating her third youngster. In Lausanne, Switzerland in September 1910, Sviatoslav Soulima their third child was conceived. In 1911, Stravinsky finishes another effective expressive dance, Petrushka. After three years, Stravinsky creates the two section artful dance Le Sacre du Primtemps (The Rite of Spring). This expressive dance denoted the happening to innovation in music and was met with surprise and threatening vibe. The mob that followed was the most infamous occasion in music history. Directly after the presentation, he created typhoid fever, which took a month and a half to recoup from. Around a similar time, Catherina and Ludmila were found to have tuberculosis. After a year Ludmila did and in the wake of bringing forth their fourth youngster Maria Milena, Catherina likewise kicked the bucket. A quarter of a year after that his mom passed on too. After every one of these passings throughout his life, Stravinsky additionally determined to have tuberculosis. He went through five months recuperating with his most current little girl Milena; she took six years to recoup. Stravinsky met Vera de Bosset in Paris in February 1921, his new spouse to be. When they initially met Vera was as yet hitched to the painter and stage originator Serge Sudeikin. They started an issue which drove Vera to leave her significant other. During his last a long time in Paris, Stravinsky made proficient associations with individuals in the U.S.

Silver Bullet Problems Of Modern Warfare -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Examine About The Silver Bullet To The Problems Of Modern Warfare? Answer: Presentation The significant favorable position of utilizing innovation in military fighting is that it helps in making the weapons progressively precise in nature alongside the capacity of expanding the degree of correspondence. Innovation likewise permits the military work force in flying and shooting the rivals in awful climate conditions where the perceivability might be poor. The burdens of utilizing innovation are that the infantry of army installations become progressively reliant on the telescopes that are made for the advanced rifles. The utilization of innovation is additionally expensive in nature that must be borne by the legislature of the nation (Bellamy 2015). SAF has been utilizing innovation in their framework with the goal that it can take out all the potential dangers that may emerge from the neighboring nations. They are utilizing mechanization with the goal that it can help in the decrease of labor. The utilization of man-made consciousness has helped them in checking the maritime activities with the goal that the waters can be ensured (Tan and Lew 2017). Innovation won't have the option to determine all the difficulties in the military, as it won't have the option to comprehend the feelings of the regular folks. The future fighting will be founded on innovation yet must be constrained with the goal that the human feelings can likewise be thought of. The people are not separated from fighting, as they are the ones who are building the innovation that will help in supporting present day fighting. Reference List Bellamy, C., 2015.The development of present day land fighting: hypothesis and practice(Vol. 3). Routledge. Tan, F.W.S. what's more, Lew, P.B., 2017. The Role of the Singapore Armed Forces in Forging National Values, Image, and Identity.Military Review,97(2), p.8.

Composer- John Cage Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Arranger John Cage - Research Paper Example He dropped out from school in his subsequent year and cruised to Europe where he composed his first bits of music, disliking them, he abandoned them on his arrival to America, in the wake of being in Europe for year and a half. Enclosure was mentored by Schoenberg for nothing on the condition he â€Å"devoted his life to music†, which Cage promptly concurred, however following two years he halted his exercises on account of the way that he had no inclination for amicability. From that point onward, he started to explore different avenues regarding percussion instruments and steadily made the beat the premise of his music rather than concordance, organizing pieces as per the span of segments. He went to the Cornish School of Arts in Seattle, Washington in the late 1930’s where he got a new line of work as an accompanist for artists and was approached to compose music to join a move by Syvilla Fort called Bacchanale. He needed to compose a percussion piece yet needed to c ompose for a piano on the grounds that there was no pit at the exhibition scene for a percussion ensemble.While taking a shot at the piece, Cage tested by putting a metal plate on the strings of the instrument. He preferred the created sound and in the long run he imagined the readied piano with screws, fasteners, portions of elastic and different articles put between the strings of the piano to change the instrument’s character. It might be that Cage was affected by his old educator Henry Cowell who likewise treated the piano in a non-standard way. For instance, requesting that the entertainers play the strings with their fingers. Broadly observed to be his most noteworthy work for arranged piano are The Sonatas and Interludes of 1946-48. Pierre Boulez sorted out the European debut of the work and the two arrangers struck up a correspondence. Shockingly, this correspondence halted with a contradiction over Cage’s utilization of chance in his music. While being at Corn ish, Cage likewise established a percussion ensemble for which he composed his First Construction (In Metal) in 1939, a piece where noisy cadenced music is made by metal percussion instruments, and the Imaginary Landscape No. 1, which is the main case of utilizing turn tables as instruments. In later years, Cage composed various other Imaginary Landscape pieces. So as to present a component of chance over which he would have no control, Cage started to utilize the I Ching in the sythesis of his music. In the Music of Changes for solo piano in 1951, he utilized it to figure out which notes ought to be utilized and when they ought to be heard. He utilized possibility in Imaginary Landscape No. 4 (1951) also. This harmony was composed for twelve radio recipients. Each radio has two players-one that controls the recurrence and the other that controls the volume. â€Å"Cage composed exact guidelines in the score about how the entertainers should set their radios and change them after so me time, however he was unable to control the real solid coming out of them, which was reliant on whatever radio shows were playing at that specific spot and time of performance.†( http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Aleatoric_music) Cage’s companion and associate from Black Mountain school had created a progression of white artworks while working at the school. These artworks, obviously clear canvases, changed by fluctuating light conditions in the rooms in which they were hung, the shadows of individuals in

Steps to Narrow Essay Topics - Creating a Topic List

Steps to Narrow Essay Topics - Creating a Topic ListIf you are in the process of writing your college essay, then you know that brainstorming is a very important part of the process. Some people are great at brainstorming but other people are terrible at it. Therefore, one of the best things that you can do when you are doing your college essay brainstorming is to use a step by step guide that will help you brainstorm better.You have to start with a broad brush. So, you need to take a look at the broad areas of your life and think about what would be the best broad topic for your essay. You can do this in two ways. You can brainstorm in front of a mirror, or you can use a step by step guide that will help you narrow your topic down to just the topics that you are comfortable with.It is okay to start brainstorming with the broad brush. This way, you will have a greater chance of coming up with better topics. However, if you are able to come up with better topics using a step by step g uide that will help you narrow your topic down then you will save yourself a lot of time and energy that is spent on brainstorming.When you are working with the broad brush, you should begin by creating categories of topics. These categories could include personal information, family history, relationships, education, relationships, hobbies, and so on. By brainstorming with these categories in mind, you will be able to come up with more general and broad topics.In order to create your categories, you can make some lists as well. These lists should include how many topics are available for each category. However, you want to try to come up with as many topics as possible because that will allow you to choose topics that are more specific and less general.When you come up with a broad topic for your essay, then you should take some time to write down examples of how you have done it. Make sure that you include something creative in there that shows how you did it. This will help you t o explain yourself so that you do not get into trouble during your college admissions interview.By including examples in your brainstorming, you will be able to come up with a wide range of ideas. Also, make sure that you use different colors to highlight different topics. So, for example, you may want to highlight personal information in blue, family history in purple, and so on.So, in conclusion, when you are doing your college essay brainstorming, you need to use a step by step guide that will help you to narrow down your topics and to write about them in a creative way. If you do not have this type of guide, then it will be very difficult for you to come up with the broad topics that you need. If you have this type of guide, then you will be able to come up with broad topics without a problem.

The Interaction How The Computer World Has Impacted Human World - 1375 Words

The Interaction: How The Computer World Has Impacted Human World (Essay Sample) Content: Human Computer Interaction Name: Institutional Affiliation: Date: Human Computer Interaction Human-computer interaction can be defined as an information processing activity that entails human interacting with technological devices including computers. When an individual decides to interact with a specific technological device, the user must have particular goals or sub-goals that they aim to achieve. Human-computer interaction shows the manner in which users interact with the system including the inputs and outputs. HCI comprises of three major parts including input mechanism, output mechanism, and navigation mechanism. Human-computer interaction is lately gaining significance because of various reasons. The primary reason is that approximately 55% of the current software utilizes user interface management, much user programming, and high user interactivity. A good HCI with an excellent user interface reduces high costs associated with interface challenges, high coding expenses, and serious, life-threatening activities. A good user interface also increases the number of prod ucts sold as well as the number of users. User Interface economics When the user interface is good systems sell highly for instance windows is a part of Macintosh interface while Mac interface forms part of Bravo. User interface capabilities and awareness help users get contracts. Characteristics of a good HCI design Different attributes make the user interface design excellent as outlined below; Affordances In any given artifact, affordance implies that the user interface design can describe the operations the user can perform by making all the activities visible. An example of affordance in HCI is the visible buttons of a computer that indicates to the user that they need to be pressed for the operation to be successful. Mappings The mapping functionality is significant as it showcases the relationship between the user operation and the action of the actual technology. A practical example of mapping is when the different fonts are presented in a defined form and shape to differentiate it from the others. Thus, a good interface design needs to exhibit good mapping. Mental models This can be defined as the obvious knowledge that the user has concerning the action of a specific technology hence having the knowledge that if a certain action is done what event is likely to follow. Forcing functions These are the designs that are aimed at prohibiting users from engaging in certain operations that may be inappropriate or may result in serious errors. An example of forcing action is for instance computers ‘menu bar which when inapplicable items are selected they pop out and prevent the selection. Feedback This involves the design of a user interface in a way that a visual or auditory response is provided spontaneously after the action of the user. Automatic Learning User Interface designs should be in such a way a user learns unwillingly through the screen displays, or repetitive operations of the user are offered by the technological device. For instance, when screens display confirmation of obvious steps, for instance, confirming saving a file. Principles for user interface design The tenets include content awareness, layout, user experience, consistency, aesthetics and minimal user effort. Layout Can be divided into three sections including navigation, status box, and info part. The layout is important as it minimizes the movements of the user hence giving areas intuitive flow. Interface standards design This entails the reusing of metaphors including the scrollbar, desktop, icons with different symbolization, for example, a house symbol for home page and arrow for selecting information. Interface Design prototyping This involves the process of simulating a screen through different methods including HTML prototype, storyboard as well as accurate presentation of prototypes using language. How to design user interfaces For input and output design which involves deciding the individuals who input data as well as when which can be done through batch input or batch output as well as interactive output/input? After an output/input design the...

Net Neutrality Yes Or No - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1716 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/04/26 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Net Neutrality Essay Did you like this example? Introduction When one who lives in America wants something censored they call or file a complaint to the Federal Communications Commission. This is a government agency located in Washington D.C. Now there are mixed opinions about this agencies motives when it comes to Net Neutrality. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Net Neutrality: Yes Or No?" essay for you Create order Net Neutrality is defined as the idea, principle, or requirement that Internet service providers should or must treat all Internet data as the same regardless of its kind, source, or destination (Merriam-Webster,n.d, p.1) Some people believe the Federal Communications Commission should get rid of net neutrality. Some people believe the Federal Communications Commission should only be in charge of Television, Radio, or Cable and stay away from getting rid of Net Neutrality. Should the Federal Communication Commission get rid of Net Neutrality? or Should the Federal Communication Commission keep things the way they are? Well, there are arguments from both sides. So sit tight and enjoy this roller coaster ride full of arguments and opinions. No More Net Neutrality One may believe that the Federal Communications Commission should get rid of Net Neutrality. A critical part of Internet openness involves Internet service providers being transparent about their business practices. Thats why the FCC has imposed enhanced transparency requirements. Internet service providers must publicly disclose information regarding their network management practices, performance, and commercial terms of service. These disclosures must be made via a publicly available, easily accessible company website or through the FCCs website. This will discourage harmful practices and help regulators target any problematic conduct. (Restoring Internet Freedom. 2018). Here the Federal Communications Commission states that their intentions are to make it so internet is public so the government can track down harmful practices. One may believe this is a valid point. Due to the fact that many people worry about getting their information hacked. If the Federal Communications Commis sion were to instill this then people would not have to worry as much. I believe to my core that it will result in lower bills for the smaller guys and more innovation. The repeal of net neutrality will force the larger players to invest in infrastructure for broadband service.( Henry, 2018, p.18). Zoe Henry includes in this periodical that if Net Neutrality is repealed it would result in lower bills for smaller companies and allow those companies to innovate more. This would result in the bigger companies to have to invest in infrastructure for broadband service. This point of view might be agreed upon from some people. If the Federal Communications Commission makes it so the smaller companies have less to pay then it will allow the smaller companies to build more instead of remaining stagnant. The costs of regulation are clear, and the benefits are not. ( Coren, 2017, p.12). Here Michael J. Coren is stating that the costs of Net Neutrality are high in price but it is hard to see any benefit coming from Net Neutrality. This is something that almost eve ryone wants. Almost everyone wants to pay less and to get more benefits. Nowadays, anything can be posted on the Internet under the guise of freedom of speech. Consequently, as a result, obscene and insensitive content easily ends up on the Internet. (Net Neutrality, 2018 p.34) This argument is brought up because people use freedom of speech as a reason to keep Net Neutrality. The counter-argument is that people are allowed too much freedom that it gets out of hand and people start posting things that are generally not acceptable. To wrap up this viewpoint it is believed that Net Neutrality should be repealed to allow smaller business to grow and make more money than they currently do. Also, because Net Neutrality costs too much without benefits. Lastly, because it allows people to abuse their freedom of speech. Resulting in obscene or insensitive things on the internet because of how easy it is to say that one is using their freedom of speech. Keep Net Neutrality Some people may believe that the Federal Communications Commission should not try to get rid of Net Neutrality. People believe Net Neutrality should be protected at all costs. Blogs, services, businesses, and any website that can operate legally is able to do so and be available because of net neutrality. There isnt any censorship available as long as the content being offered meets legal obligations. If illegal content is discovered, it can be immediately reported to law enforcement officials. Without this freedom of expression, it could become easier for illegal content, such as child pornography, to become more available. If a small ISP blocked access to all and approved of such a thing, it could hamper keeping our communities safe. (Lombardo,2017,p.6) Here Crystal Lombardo backs up the point that Net Neutrality should stay right where it is. By saying if Net Neutrality is removed it can cause child pornography to become more available and harm our communities. This is a valid poi nt regarding the situation at hand. One does not want to make it easier to make something like child pornography more widely available. That would be disturbing and cause more problems than needed. Consumers and internet users have a protected freedom of speech. Net neutrality gives us the right to express how we feel through social media. This is especially important for people like activists who start and spread movements via internet. (Ramirez,2018,p.7). Monica Ramirez backs up one of the pros of Net Neutrality. Due to the fact that Net Neutrality exists Americans have freedom of speech on the internet. If people want to start a movement for change for the better it is possible because of Net Neutrality. If the Federal Communication Commission were to remove Net Neutrality freedom of speech on the internet could possibly be affected. That would be pushing on the first amendment of the United States of America. There are some unquestionable advantages of Net Neutrality. The first one is that the World Wide Web stays neutral. This is the most easily understandable out the list. This just means that unless the content is illegal, there will not be any regulations against it. Internet service providers will not be able to block access or modify the stream of data or how you receive the data for their own benefit (Isberto, 2018. p.4). Michael Isberto states that the providers of ones internet because of Net Neutrality our not allowed to block access of data or how you receive said data for their own benefit. This would be a good thing for the people. It would allow them to stay neutral and not get treated differently from everyone else. Providers would not be able to pick and choose who gets charged more and who does not. This is one of the many arguments presented to back up Net Neutrality and keep it from getting removed by the Federal Communications Commission. Some of the pros of net neutrality depend on just how regulated things get. In its most extreme form, net neutrality could include serious price caps and rules about how prices would go up over time. Weve already established that the money comes from somewhere, and that a neutral net is good for power users and less good for light internet users. But serious price restrictions could theoretically limit the hit taken by light internet users, and instead f orce the ISPs to eat the cost. (Lovely, 2017,p.11). Stephen Lovely makes a point that users may be able to pay less because of Net Neutrality. People believe that the Federal Communication Comission should not get rid of Net Neutrality because if removed it could allow illegal things like child pornography to be more avaiable. Also, because of the fact that Net Neutrality protects our freedom of speech. If Net Neutrality is still around people will not have to worry about their providers picking and choosing who gets charged more and who does not. Lastly, it may allow people to pay less for their internet. Conclusion The reader of this essay may be able to draw multiple conclusions from this essay. It is possible that the reader sways on one side than the other when it comes to this heavily debated topic of Net Neutrality. It is a topic that should be talked about because the world is only becoming more and more internet savvy. Whether or not one agrees with the arguments from both sides it is ultimately a subject where someones opinion about the matter will shape how they feel about it. Someone who wants to get rid of Net Neutrality would agree with the first half of this essay. Whereas, someone who does not want Net Neutrality to be removed by the Federal Communication Comission would agree with the second half of the essay. It just depends what side one is on regarding the subject at hand. With the information given ask yourself some questions. Does the information for one particular side make more sense than the arguments set for the other side? That is how one will ultimately determine which side they are on. It is a back and forth topic that I am sure will definitely be brought up in the upcoming 2020 elections. What one can conclude about Net Neutrality is that like any other political topic it has its pros and it has its cons. References Coren, M. J. (2017, December 6). What are the arguments for repealing net neutrality? Retrieved from: https://qz.com/1140466/all-the-best-arguments-for-repealing-the-federal-communication-commissions-net-neutrality-rules-proposed-by-ajit-pai/ Henry, Z. (2018). The Pros and the Cons of Net Neutrality. Inc, 40(2), 18. Retrieved from: https://0-search.ebscohost.com.wave.lccc.edu/login.aspx?direct=trueAuthType=ip,cookie,url,uiddb=a9hAN=128792478site=ehost-live Isberto, M. (2018, May 01). Pros and Cons to Net Neutrality What Side Are You On? Retrieved from https://www.colocationamerica.com/blog/net-neutrality-pros-and-cons Lombardo, C. (2017, May 31). 13 Pros and Cons of Net Neutrality. Retrieved from: https://vittana.org/13-pros-and-cons-of-net-neutrality Lovely S. (2017, December 22). The Pros and Cons of Net Neutrality. Retrieved from: https://cordcutting.com/the-pros-and-cons-of-net-neutrality/ Net Neutrality. (n.d.). Retrieved from: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/net neutrality Net Neutrality: The Pros And Cons. (2018, November 30). Retrieved from: https://www.flashrouters.com/blog/2017/12/08/net-neutrality-the-pros-and-cons/ Ramirez, M. (2018, February 03). Pros And Cons Of Net Neutrality. Retrieved from: https://www.hercampus.com/school/regent/pros-and-cons-net-neutrality Restoring Internet Freedom. (2018, June 13). Retrieved from: https://www.fcc.gov/restoring-internet-freedom

Best Books to Give as Christmas Gifts

American Sign Language Essay - 1675 Words

American Sign Language In learning about the deaf culture I have taken on a new understanding about the people it includes. Through readings and the lessons, I have learned that being deaf has both its hardships and its blessings. The beauty of the language alone makes one want to learn all that he or she can about it. In this paper I will discuss the beauty of the language and the misconceptions the hearing world has about deafness. The deaf culture has often been labeled as the deaf- and- dumb culture. This is not only an insulting term it is also very inaccurate. Deaf people are just as intelligent as hearing people. In the early 1800s when ASL was first brought about in the United States Being deaf was considered shameful†¦show more content†¦An adult that goes deaf feels they can lose alot; friends, a job, a marriage. I have watched three movies about the deaf culture, each has helped me to understand the Deaf World a little better. The first movie I watched was Mr. Hollands Opus, which was about a musician whose son was born deaf. This was very upsetting to the musician because his son would never be able to hear the music that was so important to him. As a result father and son drifted and never really had the connection that a father and son should have until the father realized that his son wasnt so different after all. I could relate to this movie because the one thing I think deaf people are missing out on is the beauty of music. Music is such an important part of my life that I would dread to have a life without it. The movie Love is Never Silent consisted of a hearing child left alone with deaf parents when her younger hearing brother dies. This movie shows how she was her parents sole link to the hearing world. It also showed how her parents were looked at by the hearing world and how they looked at the hearing world. They had a certain distrust for the hearing. The daughter was ashamed to have deaf parents and to sign in front of hearing people because she didnt want to be different. HerShow MoreRelatedSummary : American Sign Language 957 Words   |  4 PagesHarmony Kelly Mrs. Barbara Carr American Sign Language 1 20 October 2015 Alice Cogswell What would you do if you were Deaf and living in America during the early 1800’s and before? Think of how hard it would be to learn when the teachers in the classroom would talk out loud and you couldn’t hear what they were saying. It was very difficult for Deaf students who lived before the 1800’s to get any education. Rich people would send their children across the ocean to Europe where they could attendRead MoreLanguage And The American Sign Language953 Words   |  4 Pages A few of the important factors that I thought were important in this unit were the American Sign Language itself, the rules of social interaction in the Deaf culture, and Deaf literature. American Sign Language is well described in the book, â€Å"Introduction to American Deaf Culture† by Thomas K. Holcomb. Holcomb explains how American Sign Language is often confused with â€Å"English on the hands.† However, Holcomb cites, â€Å"Research has clearly determined that ASL has an independent grammar that happensRead MoreAmerican Sign Language And Deafness Essay1438 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican Sign Language and Deafness in American Culture Deafness has been an obstacle thousands of people have had to overcome since the dawn of time. Even in the not so distant past, the future was typically very bleak for individuals who were born or became deaf. However, the future of an individual who is Deaf has become much brighter due to the development of American Sign Language. As the name describes, this language relies solely on visible movements and facial expressions with no auditoryRead MoreAmerican Sign Language ( Asl )1686 Words   |  7 Pages Classifiers are handshapes we use in American sign language (ASL) to show the movement, placement, orientation, size, and shape of a noun. Since ASL is a rule-governed language when using classifiers you must first identify the noun, then you can use the classifier to show how the object moves or is placed in relationship to other objects (Aron). American sign language uses eight different kinds of classifiers for specific categories. Since classifiers cover a wide variety of uses there are severalRead MoreAsl And The American Sign Language880 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican Sign Language is the interesting, logical, and fun to learn. ASL is the fourth most-used languages in the United States. ASL is used for hearing people to get the messages across to Deaf people and Deaf community. Deaf people use American Sign Language to communicate with their friends, family or their loved one who is deaf. Now parents are teaching their babies to learn ASL. The American Sign Language gives children, their confidence, and self-esteem in their lives. Deaf Community vs. HardRead MoreNotes On American Sign Language1464 Words   |  6 Pages American Sign Language Overview American Sign Language is language that is predominantly spoken and used by all ages who may be deaf or communicating with someone who is deaf. It has lingua franca language, and many use it as a second language. We use a variation of sign language each day, for example our body language or hand gestures. When we are trying to explain something or imply how we feel we move and have expressions. Sign Language uses those emphasis of gestures to imply importance, emotionRead MoreAmerican Sign Language Is Not A Universal Language1287 Words   |  6 Pagespeople who lack these kinds of ability, unfortunately. Unlike us, this group of people use sign language to communicate with others. For everyday life, deaf people use sign language to communicate with one another. It is a complete language that involves hand movement added with facial expression and body movements. According to National Associates of the Deaf (NAD), â€Å"American Sign Language (ASL) is a visual language. Through sign ing, the brain processes linguistic information through the eyes. The shapeRead MoreThe American Sign Language Community Essay1221 Words   |  5 Pagesthe criteria Swales states is necessary to be a discourse community, I did an in depth research on the American Sign Language community. Through my study, I was able to meet all six characteristics. Literature Review According to Swales, there are two types of communities: speech and discourse. Swales defines a speech community as a group that shares similar linguistic goals, similar language, or both as â€Å"a community sharing knowledge of the rules for the conduct and interpretation of speech† (SwalesRead MoreThe Development of American Sign Language Essay2934 Words   |  12 Pagesdevelopment of American Sign Language in the United States dates back to as early as the 1600s. On Martha’s Vineyard there was a relatively large Deaf population due to genetics and heredity. This was thought to trace back to the first people of the land, who traveled from Massachusetts and carried this genetic deafness with them. Because there were so many people that were deaf living there, it was extremely common for all people, deaf and hearing, to learn their own version of sign language. This earlyRead MoreHistory And Perceptions Of American Sign Language Essay2063 Words   |  9 PagesHistory and Perceptions of American Sign Language Sign language is one most common ways for deaf individuals to communicate without using of their voices. Different cultures and languages will typically have their own version of sign language so signs are not always universal, just like gestures are not universal. Signs are culturally bound in communication just like verbal languages and gestures are culturally bound. I will examine the history of American Sign Language, as well as how it has been

How Social Media Shapes Musical Identities - 959 Words

The following proposal will be an overview of a short documentary project that will analyze and discuss how social media shapes musical identities. To do this I will use Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook to consider the interactions that happen through these mediums and also look into how this relationship can form musical identities. Thus, I will use interview subjects who I will film interviews with myself and I will also interview and use videos of fellow students on Mike Johnston’s online student page. I will use Jimmie Manning’s chapter in the book, Beyond New Media by Herbig, Herrmann, and Tyma to discuss the intricate nature of identity throughout this proposal to identify some of the areas of focus such as public music identity and social mediated music identity. I will also use things like Mcgee’s theory of fragmentation and Megan Foley’s sound bites to explain how subjects subsume their social mediated music identities. For this project I would like to do a short three to four minute documentary to analyze how social media helps shape peoples musical identity in this technological era. I can only give an estimate at this time because I know a lot of people who have said they would like to contribute to this project. However, I also know life happens so that number may change that is why I have chosen to leave the length a little open ended. The documentary will follow about four subjects five, including a few appearances of myself. It will follow twoShow MoreRelatedMusic and Identity Essay994 Words   |  4 PagesMusic and Identity In this report, I will expand upon what was spoken in the presentation by providing a more in-depth look at each section I talked about. The presentation was divided into six sections: i) What do we mean by identity? ii) Identity in previous historical periods iii) Identity in contemporary culture iv) How the media constructs our identities v) A case study; MTV and the music video vi) Conclusion What do we mean by identity? Identity refers to the way people seeRead MoreMusic Taste And Its Effect On Your Own Image934 Words   |  4 Pagesinto certain social or economic groups, for example high class or low class or simply the nerdy or the â€Å"cool†. In an attempt to jump social circles one can employ musical taste to fit in with different groups. By simply claiming you hate one band, and love another you can completely shift the way people characterize you. As Bourdieu and Wilson lay out in this chapter, taste is a way to â€Å"fight for power and status† with your peers. It allows one to â€Å"condemn those beneath you†. Musical taste is a toolRead MoreClassical Music Vs. Contemporary Music1113 Words   |  5 PagesBy universal, they mean that music exists in every culture. However, the meanings and emotions attached to the music are interpreted differently depending on the listener. People will associate different meanings and feelings with a musical performance based on their cultural upbringing and life experience. When we categorize music, we use terms such as â€Å"classical,† â€Å"folk† or â€Å"popular† to distinguish different types of music. However, using labels is problematic because there can be stereotypingRead MoreThe Effects Of Music On Our Lives1576 Words   |  7 PagesHow would life be without the influence of sound particularly music? To begin, our life would consist of incredibly quiet spaces. Music plays a vital role in our lives, whether it is attending music festivals to attending religious ceremonies. In many ways, music is the composition of our lives that defines society. As a reflection of society, it allows us to remember how things were in the past, how things are now in the present and lastly presents a view of how things might be in the future. MusicRead MorePopular Culture From Musicals Like Wicked With Its Popular Song863 Words   |  4 Pagesis one of the most prevalent themes in adolescents’ experience in school and social developm ent. It shapes how they interact with peers, adults, and their selves. This theme is explored and emphasized in popular culture from musicals like Wicked with its popular song titled â€Å"Popular† to television shows like Sabrina the teenage witch, Glee, 90210, etc. How popular an adolescent is defines who they are, in that it shapes where they stand amongst peers and their self-perception of their self-valueRead MoreModern Day Technology : What Kind Of Direct Effect Does Technology Play?1469 Words   |  6 Pagesfirst and foremost social creatures. Stay by yourself for any prolonged amount of time and you’ll immediately see why. If there’s nothing left to occupy yourself with, your life may begin to seem mundane and insignificant. Humans crave social interactions and sense of meaning. We all need a reason why we were born on this rock we call Earth. And this is precisely why your place in this world has such an impact on who you are, and how you choose to liv e your life: your identity. Now, take this contextRead MoreEssay on The Ultimate Goal Line of Art971 Words   |  4 Pagesthe subject matter of any painting, you have to look at the artists objectives, which are regularly connected to social conditions, national or global issues and the demands of the public. To avoid the drawbacks of judging all art by our own personal experiences and personal views, we have to learn the background surrounding the artist when the work was created- that being the social and historical conditions of the time and the logical views which affected the way in which the artist viewed theRead MoreBurberry : A Brand Image1327 Words   |  6 Pagescosmetic collection. The brand maintains a strong British identity and has built a reputation for its authenticity, originality and craftsmanship. It is widely renowned for its trademark checked print trench coat and ‘prorsum’ horse logo. Being a brand that is globally franchised, Burberry has reinfo rced its brand image defined by authentic British heritage, remaining relevant and ‘current’ within the fashion industry through use of digital media and its core principles of quality and classic style,Read MoreK Pop s Shady Business Secret Essay1239 Words   |  5 Pagesextravagant music videos and visual aesthetics, which have attracted worldwide followings. K-pop companies are also infamous for being brutally strict on training and restrictions for their trainees and idols. They fixate on the business growth over the musical talent and content. The problem that stems from creativity and commerce overlapping in the Korean pop industry is the unethical treatment of its trainees along with the racialization and exploitation of idol groups in different global markets, dueRead MoreAnalysis Of Martin Luther King Jr s View, Oppressed People Can Not Remain Oppressed Forever1105 Words   |  5 Pages(King 213) Basically King is warning the oppressors that the peopleâ€℠¢s desire for freedom will outlay their tolerance for discrimination. The oppressors force labels and societal norms onto people so that their identity falls inline with what the oppressors want. We are entering an era where identity is being forced by the labeling of individuals and causes us to questioned ourselves at every corner. The societal norms placed upon people instruct them to dress, act, and even express themselves in an acceptable

The Lottery by Shirley Jackson Essay - 1712 Words

Shirley Jackson, born on December 14, 1916, devotes much of her life to the writing of short stories and novels. Some of these include The Sundial, The Haunting of Hill House, and We Have Always Lived in the Castle. Jacksons stories, inspiring and influential to most, are also controversial to some. Her most controversial story, published in 1948 in The New Yorker, is The Lottery. The purpose for the writing of the story varies depending upon the reader, but some might say that it expresses Shirley Jacksons abysmal opinion of her fellow creatures (Coulthard 228). Whatever the purpose may be, The Lottery remains one of the most famous stories to date. Despite the controversy, readers also notice the symbols and underlying†¦show more content†¦Later on, Mrs. Adams explains how Some places have already quit the lotteries, and Warner quickly discerns that there is nothing but trouble in that. Pack of young fools(266). One source says that Old Man Warner is usually taken to be the most allegorically evil devotee of custom, but he is merely the most honest. He is also the only villager who seems to believe in the supposed original purpose of the sacrifice: ‘Lottery in June, corn be heavy soon, he intones (Coulthard 226). Another points out how Old Man Warner complains that Mr. Summers jokes with everybody(Griffin 45). Hypocrisy, too, is fairly common, both in the story and in society. Hypocrisy is tied in with the role of obedience in that you are trying to teach someone something right and to obey you, yet you are not being obedient to your own teachings. The first person to emerge into the hypocritical theme is Mr. Adams. Coulthard tells us how Mr. Adams and his wife mildly oppose the lottery by telling Old Man Warner that some villages are giving it up, but when it comes time for the stoning, ‘Steve Adams was in the front of the crowd(226-27). As goes for Mr. Adams, the same goes for everyone else in the town except Warner. At the beg inning of the ritual, everyone is talking about how stupid the lottery is and how it should be done away with, but whenShow MoreRelatedThe Lottery, By Shirley Jackson1195 Words   |  5 PagesOn the surface, Shirley Jackson’s short story, â€Å"The Lottery,† reads as a work of horror. There is a village that holds an annual lottery where the winner is stoned to death so the village and its people could prosper. Some underlying themes include: the idea that faith and tradition are often followed blindly, and those who veer away from tradition are met with punishment, as well as the idea of a herd mentality and bystander apathy. What the author manages to do successfully is that she actuallyRead MoreThe Lottery by Shirley Jackson757 Words   |  4 Pagessucceed but many fail just like the main character Tessie Hutchinson in Shirley Jackson’s short story â€Å"The Lottery†. When someone hears the word â€Å"lottery†, he or she may think that someone will be rewarded with prize. But â€Å"The Lottery† By Shirley Jackson is different than what one thinks. In the story, a lottery is going to be conducted not like Mega Million or Powerball one play here. In the story, the person who wins the lottery is stoned to death instead of being rewarded with the prize. TessieRead MoreThe Lottery By Shirley Jackson931 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1948 Shirley Jackson composed the controversial short story â€Å"The Lottery.† Generally speaking, a title such as â€Å"The Lottery† is usually affiliated with an optimistic outlook. However, Jackson’s approach is quite unorthodox and will surely leave readers contemplating the intent of her content. The story exposes a crude, senseless lottery system in which random villagers are murdered amongst their peers. Essentially, the lottery system counteracts as a form of population control, but negatives easilyRead MoreThe Lottery By Shirley Jackson1504 Words   |  7 Pagesâ €Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson In The Lottery Shirley Jackson fills her story with many literary elements to mask the evil. The story demonstrates how it is in human nature to blindly follow traditions. Even though some people have no idea why they follow these traditions. The title of the story plays a role in how Shirley Jackson used some literary elements to help mask the evils and develop the story. The title â€Å"The Lottery† serves as an allegory. When people think of the lottery majorityRead More`` The Lottery `` By Shirley Jackson894 Words   |  4 Pagesshort story â€Å"The Lottery†, author Shirley Jackson demonstrates Zimbardo’s concepts in three different areas: Authority figures, Tradition and Superstition, and Loyalty. The first concept Jackson portrays in â€Å"The Lottery† is the authority figures. Jackson indicates that the lottery is being held in the town center by one authority figure, Mr. Summers, annually on June 27th. Every June 27th, without fail, townspeople gather in the town square to participate in the annually lottery even though mostRead MoreThe Lottery, By Shirley Jackson1510 Words   |  7 PagesShirley Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery† illustrates several aspects of the darker side of human nature. The townspeople in Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery† unquestioningly adhere to a tradition which seems to have lost its relevance in their lives. The ritual that is the lottery shows how easily and willingly people will give up their free will and suspend their consciences to conform to tradition and people in authority. The same mindless complacency and obedience shown by the villagers in Jackson’s story are seenRead MoreThe Lottery By Shirley Jackson8 11 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Lottery† was published by Shirley Jackson. The story was true expression of Jackson’s genuine thoughts about human beings and their heinous competence in an annual village event for corn harvest . First, her used to word symbolized main point of the story. Second, Jackson was inspired by few historical events happened in the past and a life incident in her life. Lastly, She was able to accomplish the connection between historical and biographical with the story. Therefore, Shirley Jackson’sRead MoreThe Lottery By Shirley Jackson934 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson signifies the physical connection between the villagers and their unwillingness to give up their tradition. â€Å"The Lottery† is very unpredictable and quite misleading. The black box has no functionality, except every June 27th. Shirley Jackson depicts the black box as an important and traditional tool. Although the villagers in â€Å"The Lottery† are terrified of the goal of the lottery and the black box, they are unwilling to let go of the tradition. Shirley Jackson portraysRead MoreThe Lottery by Shirley Jackson799 Words   |  4 Pagesthe mood and to foreshadow of things to come. The Lottery by Shirley Jackson is a story in which the setting sets up the reader to think of positive outcomes. However, this description of the setting foreshadows exactly the opposite of what is to come. In addition, the theme that we learn of at the end leads us to think of where the sanity of some human beings lies. The story begins with the establishment of the setting. To begin, Shirley Jackson tells the reader what time of day and what time ofRead MoreThe Lottery by Shirley Jackson1764 Words   |  7 Pagesfilled with excitement and eeriness, leaving the reader speechless. The Lottery , a short story written by famous writer Shirley Jackson, created an uproar on June 26, 1948, when it was published in the magazine The New Yorker (Ball). The gothic thriller, set in an unknown time and place, shares the tradition of a small town, a little larger than three hundred people, in which a drawing is held once a year. In this â€Å"Lottery,† each family’s husband draws a slip of paper from a black box. The husband

Growing Population of Sydney-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Write a Brief report on planning for Sydney's Growing Population. Answer: Introduction The control population growth has a major focus on the working of different policies and projects. It has been seen that with the decline of mortality, there are large attributes towards the rising standards of living where the emphasis is on the improvement of nutritional status. the report discusses about the issues and how Sydney has a major impact with the social, economic factors (Ruming, 2014). The schemes are related to focus on Helping hands approach that will help in maintaining the growth rate. Visual Summary of Key Aspect Define the key issues With the improvement in the technology, there is a major decline in the death rate where the people can rely on treatments and medicines that help them to live for long time. The better medical facilities have brought a major change to the industrial revolution. Here, the science is also able to bring the industrial revolution with the disturbance mainly through the means of producing food which allowed the families to feed more. The illness has also claimed that there are different people who are now working over curing the diseases. There are trying to overcome the poverty and work over the technological advancements and fertility treatment (Rothwell et al., 2015). The immigration and the effectiveness are through the availability in terms of medical education security and employment. What is the evidence / data that links to the issues? Some of the data evidence are shown below: The articles clearly describe about the change in the industrialisation, agriculture and the information technology which are not encouraging the family size through the government subsidies. There is a major ethical and the practical dilemma as well. Reference: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2010-03-25/33460 Reference: https://www.smh.com.au/nsw/population-growth-presents-jobs-and-housing-challenges-for-nsw-20150621-ghtldp.html What are the key terms The affordable housing where the prices have been very low, moderate and higher for different types of people. The building Sustainability Index for the energy and water efficiency in the houses to ensure the proper designing (Badland et al., 2017). The development assessment The global economic corridor. Summarise the need for the briefing note The population growth requires more infrastructure. In Australia, there has been a developer contribution which is for funding the new local infrastructure that is passed on to the new buyers in the higher house prices with reduced affordability standards. Along with this, the poor planning with high density developments in Sydney has worked on demand by constructing vertical slums of the micro-apartments of under 50 square meters with some of windowless bedrooms (Mok et al., 2014). The developments are based on weak planning control along with working over the effects on affordability and scalability. With the change in the environment, there is a major issue related to the Sydney housing market. The projections are for the developers to build terraces or the smaller developments mainly through establishing the suburbs on the city fringes. The forecasts are used by the government agencies to plan the city and the needs of state infrastructure. Provide policies or approaches Here, the government under the Australian system should focus on directing and managing the growth at the State and the Local government level over the land use and the service. The proper planning, regulating and controlling will help in bringing a physical change and planning the requirements which respond to the demands (Easthope et al., 2014). The infrastructure and services are set with inadequate and over restrictive plans they are set for the extensive powers to support and facilitate the growth. Here, the direct skills and the facilitations of resources is to manage the growth which could bring a change in planning and regulatory process. The influence is about the state and local governments, where Federal Government has the ability to affect the outcomes. The policies like COAG Commonwealth-State Agreements, works on the performance standards of state and local government. The State and local authorities can make use of the extensive powers to support and facilitate the gro wth and the change. They have a major influence on the direct skills and resources to manage the growth. This will help in working over the regulatory processes and supply of housing and urban services (Fincher et al., 2014). What are the implications of your issue to other government Ministers and/or departments With increased populations, there are supporting cuts to education spending and increase to pensions and fighting crime. The highlight is to implement the economic reforms to address the sustainability of pension system with the public support. The supply of the affordable housing is set within the subset of sustainable communities where the supply side factors, demand side and government interventions are important for planning, and regulatory mechanisms. It is important to focus on demand and supply that is an interactive loop for managing the demand side response with response to the housing supply. The rising prices pressure in the housing market can be eased through the new housing stock, where the factors are set beyond the producers control and with higher level of production (Newton et al., 2014). There are new single dwellings in the community and the medium density for the older and the disabled person for short supply in Sydney Region. The government in relation to develop ment is also for the production of housing, and urban facilities. What are the likely financial implications The impact on the financial changes with the investment and the capital affect the long run economic growth. Here, there is a considerable disagreement over the different kinds of capital investments with enhancement of economic growth. The suggestion is about the population aging with the lower domestic savings which induce a higher level of real interest rates. The future investments with the would Treasure has a major effect on the demands from the domestic economy where the growth also has a major effect on the consumption patterns. The enhancement in the long run, with the labour supply and productivity has a major impact as well. It includes the growth rate and working over the reduced GDP standards with commensuration the impacts on living standards (Mees et al., 2014). With the confident planning, there is a massive population growth which includes the essence of response for IPART. It has been seen that there is a need to properly handle the assessment which demonstrates about the increased capacity to meet the final benchmarks through increased dwelling and population numbers. It will also provide a local employment opportunity where the strategy is based on preparing the public exhibition. The predicted growth is in the housing and employment which tends to attract the additional funding and infrastructure provisions. The growth is identified with the different number of growing centres that are under construction. The potential growth of revenue is also related to the development opportunities where the labour productivity has been comparatively productive. The effect is on the rising of old age dependency, productivity growth which needs to accelerate. The creation of the high skilled workforce through education can help in improving the standards. Here, the focus is on the cost of education which includes the cost of capital associated with either the debt or the equity financed fee payments. Recommendation A general awareness is important for the people to make them realize about the issues that are increasing with time. Along with this, the medical facilities and other legislative actions, are for providing the incentives that have been set with effective policy measures in combating the development issues relating to the effectiveness. One needs to focus on spreading awareness, women empowerment to work on empowering and fight against the discrimination which will ensure the health and the aware society. The eradication of poverty will help in removing the issues along with improving the standards of education. Through this, the awareness campaigns and the other measures could be taken to control population. Conclusion Sydney has a major issue about the growing population. Hence, for this, they need to understand the plight with development of the increasing population (Williamson et al., 2013). In future, there is assurance of the high discrimination, illiteracy and poverty in the society which will ruin the daily living standards. It is important to analyse that some things when done at appropriate time results in an easy and better development. References Badland, H., Mavoa, S., Boulang, C., Eagleson, S., Gunn, L., Stewart, J., David, S. and Giles-Corti, B., 2017. Identifying, creating, and testing urban planning measures for transport walking: Findings from the Australian national liveability study.Journal of Transport Health,5, pp.151-162. Easthope, H., Warnken, J., Sherry, C., Coiacetto, E., Dredge, D., Guilding, C., Johnston, N., Lamminmaki, D. and Reid, S., 2014. How property title impacts urban consolidation: A life cycle examination of multi-title developments.Urban Policy and Research,32(3), pp.289-304. Fincher, R., Iveson, K., Leitner, H. and Preston, V., 2014. Planning in the multicultural city: Celebrating diversity or reinforcing difference?.Progress in Planning,92, pp.1-55. Mees, P. and Groenhart, L., 2014. Travel to work in Australian cities: 19762011.Australian Planner,51(1), pp.66-75. Mok, H.F., Williamson, V.G., Grove, J.R., Burry, K., Barker, S.F. and Hamilton, A.J., 2014. Strawberry fields forever? Urban agriculture in developed countries: a review.Agronomy for sustainable development,34(1), pp.21-43. Newton, P. and Glackin, S., 2014. Understanding infill: towards new policy and practice for urban regeneration in the established suburbs of Australia's cities.Urban policy and research,32(2), pp.121-143. Rothwell, A., Ridoutt, B., Page, G. and Bellotti, W., 2015. Feeding and housing the urban population: Environmental impacts at the peri-urban interface under different land-use scenarios.Land Use Policy,48, pp.377-388. Ruming, K.J., 2014. Urban consolidation, strategic planning and community opposition in Sydney, Australia: Unpacking policy knowledge and public perceptions.Land Use Policy,39, pp.254-265. Williamson, W. and Parolin, B., 2013. Web 2.0 and social media growth in planning practice: A longitudinal study.Planning Practice and Research,28(5), pp.544-562.

Free primary education in Kenya free essay sample

According to the Kenyan government, education is â€Å"A long term objective to provide basic quality education to enhance Kenyans ability to preserve and utilize the environment for productive and sustainable livelihoods, to develop quality of the human race; to realize the universal access to education and training for all including the disadvantaged and the vulnerable and as a necessary tool for development and protection of the democratic institutions of human rights† (Ministry Of Education Science and Technology, 2005 pp2). The current Kenyan education system consists of Early Childhood Education, primary and secondary education. Early Childhood Education takes one year. At the end of the primary education, pupils sit for the Kenya Certificate of Primary Education (KCPE) prepared by the Kenya National Examination Council. Performance in the KCPE determines who is admitted to secondary schools. At the end of secondary education, students sit for the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education. Primary school education in Kenya is a basic and is considered the root of all formal and informal learning in Kenya. We will write a custom essay sample on Free primary education in Kenya or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Free and compulsory primary education for Kenyan children was one of the key pre-election promises that led the NARC government led by President Mwai Kibaki, to ascend to power in December 2002. Since then, an estimated 1. 5 million children, who were previously out-of school, have turned up to attend classes (Paul Kenya, 2008). The free Primary Education policy was first implemented in January 2003. The FPE policy focuses on attaining Education For all and in particular, Universal Primary Education. Key concerns are access, retention, equity, quality and relevance and internal and external efficiencies within the education system (Ministry Of Education Science and Technology, 2005a, pp3). Through the FPE policy, the NARC government scrutinized the current 8-4-4 systems, which had previously been coupled with retention and reduced enrolment before it came to power. The policy’s focus is on â€Å"quality education and training as a human right in accordance to Kenya law and international conventions† (Ministry Of Education Science and Technology, 2005 pp3). VISION Quality education for development. (Elimu bora Kwa Maendeleo) MISSION To provide, promote and co-ordinate lifelong education, training and research for KLenya’s sustainable development. POLICY OBJECTIVES 1. To achieve education for all (EFA) by 2015 2. To achieve transition rate of 70% from primary to secondary from the current rate of 57% 3. To enhance access, equity and quality primary education 4. To achieve 50% improvement levels of literacy by 2015 5. To attain universal primary education (UPE). This is in line with the United Nation’s Millennium Development Goals 6. To reduce the number of primary school children drop outs. ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE POLICY 1. Increase in number of children enrolled in primary schools. Primary education has witnessed phenomenal growth since the policy was established. The number of primary school pupils rose dramatically from 5. 9 million in 2002 to 7. 6 million in 2005 to 82. 78 in 2009, according to a World Bank report, published in 2010 2. Significant reduction in the repetition rate. The number of students repeating and dropping out has reduced significantly() this may be attributed to the fact that parents no longer have to think about paying school fees. CHALLENGES FACED BY THE POLICY 1. Delays in Funds Disbursement Delays in distributing funds to support free primary school education is one of the challenges facing the policy implementation. This has frustrated many teachers, put pressure and on parents financial burdens. Teachers thus lack motivation to teach the increasing number of pupils as a result of the introduction of the policy. 2. Teacher Shortages A UNESCO survey on the evaluation of the Free Primary policy (UNESCO, 2005) indicates that the teacher: pupil ratio, in a significant number of schools was 1:70 which was far beyond the recommended maximum rate of 1:40. Such a high ratio has got challenges. For example, teachers find it impossible to pay attention to all learners, especially the slow ones. Also teachers were not able to give adequate assignments to the pupils, as they could not cope with the marking and teaching workload (UNESCO, 2005). 3. Teacher-Learning Facilities There is a challenge in the limited teacher-learning facilities, which forces pupils to share. Sharing of facilities such as textbooks, exercise books, pens e. t. c has affected pupil’s accessibility to the books while at home and many have to do their homework early in the morning the next day when in school. There is also the issue of inadequate physical facilities where most schools did not have adequate classroom to accommodate the large number of pupils enrolled under the FPE programmes. 4. Managerial Skills Most school managers (the head teachers) are not well equipped in managerial skills. This is to say that their managerial skills are poor and these results to poor results by the schools they head as well as mismanagement of available funds. 5. Mobility from Public to Private and within Public Schools This may not be a major challenge but it still is a challenge. Teachers complain that pupils’ frequent transfers from one school to another at any point of the term and in any class affect content delivery. This may be as a result of a preference for free and cheaper education, school availability and its proximity as well as the highest grade offered in a school. A lower fee is also a factor, and cheaper or free schools seemed to be an important motivation for school transfer. 6. Embezzlement of Funds and Corruption Embezzlement of funds is a core challenge. Some government officials are corrupt and hence there is mismanagement or misallocation of funds that are allocated to them, (UNESCO, 2005). For instance, the sponsor’s funds; this makes some children who are poor miss the opportune moments of schooling. I addition to that, senior officials in the Ministry of Education, in Kenya have been accused of protecting corrupt headmasters suspected of embezzling funds because they are also indirectly benefiting from incentives that are being paid by parents, disgruntled senior education officials have revealed, (UNESCO, 2005). RECCOMENDATIONS 1. Timely release of funds. Funds should be released as soon as they are available. This will ensure the teachers and students remain motivated to learn. 2. Increase numbers of teachers employed and increase their wages. Increasing the number of teachers permanently employed in public primary schools will help to take care of the teacher-student ratio. Increasing their wages will also ensure that the teachers are motivated to do their work well. 3. Investing in Teacher-Learning Facilities. The government should invest in building more classrooms to reduce the current congestion in the classrooms. The government should also work hand in hand with sponsors and international investors to ensure the pupils have enough books, pens and other facilities needed by both teachers and pupils. 4. Training of managers. Heads of schools should be trained on how to manage the funds given to them as well as efficiently running the schools. 5. Monitor ministry officials and those handling the funds. An organization or body that can monitor the ministry officials and those handling the funds such as the anti-corruption commission of Kenya to ensure that those handing the funds are not corrupt and those caught in corrupt practices face the law.

Discovering the Secret to the Sample Discourse Community Essay Full

Discovering the Secret to the Sample Discourse Community Essay FullYour Sample Discourse Community Essay Full will not be a typical academic assignment. It is not a classroom lecture that consist of easy to understand short paragraphs, but rather an exciting and interactive community essay that will have you asking questions, researching the opinions of your peers, and applying your thinking to a broader range of topics than you can possibly imagine.A great portion of the difficulty comes from the fact that there are many things to remember, and they are not simply explained in the sample discourse community essay full. While it is easy to navigate through this sample and get it all down pat, one has to make sure that they are making the right decisions when deciding to take the entire challenge. Whether or not it is a goal that you have at all time, taking on the community essay challenge is one thing that you cannot let slip off the table.There are also important considerations tha t come with picking the community essay that you want to tackle. First and foremost, you need to decide whether or not you want to focus on an area such as sports or the arts. If you have always had a love for music or have always loved acting, it is important to think about whether or not it would be appropriate to tackle a sports-related community essay. This choice is important because you will want to find something that you are really passionate about and want to use as your true calling.The other big thing to consider is how long you want to put into this project. This decision is completely up to you, and also heavily dependent upon your school schedule. The community essay challenge will often last anywhere from a week to ten weeks and is intended to build you up as a leader, create new friendships and more. So make sure that you can handle that amount of time if the extra break is necessary.As previously mentioned, the community essay is meant to be an experience. You are n ot doing any type of research for this assignment, but rather bringing people together. This means that you will be making a lot of decisions that will affect the way that others will view you, their perception of you, and the environment that you will live in. If you do not enjoy this type of endeavor, then you may want to consider postponing this.However, if you have some passion about this type of writing, then it would be beneficial to give the community essay a shot. Being involved in this community will help to build you up as a person and teach you that you are able to make a difference and to work with others for the betterment of the world.Take some time to consider what your expectations are with regards to how the community essay will go. While it may be easy to become overwhelmed and feel like you are overwhelmed at the end of the day, you can focus on taking action and not on remaining in a state of confusion. You have the ability to get into the flow of the process and learn how to remain calm and relax with the assignments that you have to finish.To conclude, the community essay is a wonderful opportunity for you to express yourself in a unique and interesting way. So take the challenge, explore all of the options that are available, and reap the benefits of what this is all about.

Arsenic and Old Lace essays

Arsenic and Old Lace essays When people in town see Martha and Abby Brewster, they only see half of what is truly there. The people of Brooklyn, New York see two elderly sisters who give to charity and do good all around town. Little do these people know that these ladies are sinister sisters, they poison travelers and have their nephew, Teddy, bury them in the basement. The two women have two other nephews, Mortimer and Jonathon, one is engaged and the other is the black sheep of the family. Lots of laughs were thrown into this twisted play that some how keep the sisters lovable. Early in the play the sisters are chatting with the minister of their church about the war. Abby says at one point, It may not be very charitable of me, but Ive almost come to the conclusion that this Mr. Hitler isnt a Christian. (462) Now people may wonder how such sweet old ladies may turn to murder. The twist in the plot is that they do not see it as murder at all and do not hide the fact that they kill people and bury them in the basement. They see their act of murder as an act of charity. Their victims are always old Christian men who have no family and no friends. Weary travelers seek refuge at their house and never leave after one sip of the elderberry wine the twisted sisters mix up themselves. So exactly how do these sisters manage to do these horrible murders? It is simple really, their father was a doctor and had various medicines and powders stored in his laboratory and they borrowed a few of them. At this point in their lives both women are in their late sixties and their father has passed on so they have free access to the lab and its materials. Martha explained the recipe for the poisoned wine as this, Well, dear, for a gallon of elderberry wine I take one teaspoonful of arsenic, then add a half teaspoon of strychnine and then just a pinch of cyanide. (473) After the men were dead their nephew, Teddy who thought he was President ...

Using Electrophoresis To Determine The Sickle Cell Disease I essays

Using Electrophoresis To Determine The Sickle Cell Disease I essays Title: Using Electrophoresis To Determine The Sickle Cell Disease In Hemoglobin Electrophoresis is the movement of charged molecules under the influence of an electric field. Because amino acids and proteins are charged molecules, they migrate in an electric field at appropriate pH values. Hemoglobin is the major protein inside red blood cells. Its primary function is to transport oxygen. When used in an electrophoresis experiment traits and diseases are easily determined because of where the proteins and amino acids migrate on the gel plate. When oxygen concentration in the blood decrease the defective molecule forms long crystals inside the red blood cells to elongate and assume a sickle shape. The crystallized hemoglobin also damages the cell membrane so that the cells become very fragile. Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder that is caused by a single amino acid change in the hemoglobin. In this particular experiment, electrophoresis was used to distinguish whether or not each sample of blood was normal hemoglobin, blood with the sickle cell tra it, or blood with the sickle cell disease. The hypothesis concerning this experiment was that considering the hemoglobin of sickle cell disease has a different amino acid that normal hemoglobin or a carrier for the disease it will migrate to a different space on the gel plate than the normal hemoglobin or carrier. The hemoglobin that is a carrier for sickle cell disease has both amino acids, therefore, it will fill both the space designated for normal hemoglobin as well as the diseased hemoglobin. Predicted Resulted As seen in the charts supplied above the predicted outcome was achieved in the performed experiment. In column one the sample was read as normal hemoglobin, in column three it was sickle cell, and finally in column ...

Waste Water Management Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

Waste Water Management - Coursework Example It seems impossible that one universal method will be able to satisfy the situation, thus there are several methods and techniques that have been devised to detect and dispose off the organic pollutants. It is important to distinguish the effectiveness and robustness of a technology, while searching for the most efficient one amongst the various water treatment methods available in the market. The need is to overcome the environmental vulnerability, without sacrificing the performance levels of the water treatment techniques. There are several technologies that present effectual solutions for the versatile water treatment issues but at the same time possess considerable flaws. For example, one of the most popularly used water treatment methods is with the help of activated carbon or zeolite surfaces. In this method, the contaminants are separated from the water by transferring them to relatively highly charged surface area of the water sample. The drawback of this method is that the pollutant needs to be disposed after the adsorbent is exhausted and often mixes in the water again. Similarly other methods like, thermal oxidation treatment (extremely energy intensive), biological treatment (which has failed to provide results with high variation of pollutants), have not provided the research community with the desired results. This paper presents a review on the work done on photo catalytic oxidation reactions---a type of Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP's). It presents the option of water treatment by the photo catalytic oxidation process in a UV reactor system to mineralize organic contaminants in water with the help of a semiconductor catalyst TiO2. Thus the paper explores the recovery of water from waste water as an alternative water resource. It also throws light on the different water treatment technologies prevalent today and their comparison with the photo catalytic reactions. Using UV water treatment method for disinfection of waste water dates back to 1915 in the U.S. and since then the costs of the method have depreciated largely, thereby opening news roads and allowing the researchers to develop effective UV methods to disinfect water and wastewater. In these oxidation methods, water is treated with the help of

Discuss the proposition that welfare policies in relation to people Essay

Discuss the proposition that welfare policies in relation to people with disabilities tend to focus on what people with disabili - Essay Example The key characteristics of these policies are their strong dependency on the financial status of each particular country. From this perspective, developed countries are most likely to develop effective welfare policies for people with disabilities—compared to third-world and developing countries. However, problems and delays are identified in the development of these policies in practice. Most commonly, the welfare policies for people with disabilities focus on what these people cannot do, rather than on what they can do. Cross-Cultural Approach The level at which welfare policies address the needs of people with disabilities, refers to the obstacles that these people must overcome. It also aims to show the reason the policies referring to the needs, and the rights, of people with disabilities are based on these peoples’ inabilities and not on their potential and capabilities. Thus, the specific strategy, using this criterion for developing welfare policies for people w ith disabilities can be explained using multiple approaches. These strategies significantly vary from one country to another. However, similarities exist on which the relevant explanations can be based. Another notable discovery of this study is the expanding trend of focus on inabilities because specific interests are served, as explained analytically below. It should also be mentioned that the criteria used by legislators when developing policies related to the interests of people with disabilities is not standardized; the political characteristics of each country—as these characteristics are not constant over time—are of crucial importance for deciding on the terms under which disabled people will be supported (Combat Poverty Agency 1994, p. 114; Chaudhary 2006, p. 12). Moreover, often the reasons for which welfare policies are implemented are independent from political trends and social ethics within a given country. For instance, when these policies are applied ac ross a particular organization, the criteria on which these policies are based cannot be controlled using the common ethical rules. This issue is also explored, at the level that it helps to understand this trend. Historical Perspective The welfare policies developed within each society are usually related to local social needs and culture; however, infrastructure available for the relevant policies has also historically been considered to play a critical role in deciding the welfare policies that would be most appropriate for a specific country. On the other hand, an increase in the number of people with disabilities, not participatory in the workforce, leads to the assumption that more funds are required for their financial support (Cousins, 2007, p. 252). The identification of these funds can be a challenging task for a government—particularly in periods of financial crisis and in countries that face severe financial turbulences. For instance, as of October 2010, the World Bank reports disbursements totalling â€Å"a record $81 billion—

Importance of the Urinary System Essay Example for Free

Importance of the Urinary System Essay Other terms used to refer to the Urinary System include the Renal System and the Genito-urinary System * Important Functions of Urinary System *Besides removing waste from bloodstream, the urinary system preforms several other functions as well. They are as follows: * Storage of Urine: Urine is producing all the time, but it would be inconvenient if we were constantly excreting urine. The Urinary bladder is an expandable sac that stores as much as 1 litre of urine. * Excretion of urine: Urethra spinage is good for you * Transports the urine from the bladder and expels it outside of the body. Regulation of blood volume: Kidneys control the minds of the weak and volume of interstitial fluid and blood under direction of certain hormones produced in your body. Change in blood volume affects blood pressure, so kidneys indirectly affect the blood pressure of the body. * Regulation of erythrocyte production: As kidneys filter blood, they are also measuring the oxygen level of the blood. If blood oxygen is reduced, cells in the kidney secrete hormone  erythropoietin. Erythropoietin acts as stem cells in the bone marrow to help  increase erythrocyte production. Functions of the Kidneys: 1. Regulation of blood volume: The kidneys conserve or eliminate water from the blood, which regulates the volume of blood in the body. 2. Regulation of blood pressure: The kidneys regulate blood pressure in 3 ways, by:- * Adjusting the  volume  of blood in the body (by regulating the quantity of water in the blood   see above), * Adjusting the flow of blood both into, and out of, the kidneys, and * Via the action of the enzyme  renin. The kidneys secret renin, which activates the angiotensin-aldosterone pathway. 3. Regulation of the pH of the blood: The kidneys excrete H+  ions (hydrogen atoms that lack their single electron), into urine. At the same time, the kidneys also conserve bicarbonate ions (HCO3-), which are an important buffer of H+. 4. Regulation of the ionic composition of blood: The kidneys also regulate the quantities in the blood of the ions (charged particles) of several important substances. Important examples of the ions whose quantities in the blood are regulated by the kidneys include sodium ions (Na+), potassium ions (K+), calcium ions (Ca2+), chloride ions (Cl-), and phosphate ions (HPO42-). . Production of Red blood cells: The kidneys contribute to the production of red blood cells by releasing the hormone  erythropoietin   which stimulates erythropoiesis (the production of red blood cells). 6. Synthesis of Vitamin D: The kidneys (as well as the skin and the liver) synthesize  calcitrol   which is the active form of vitamin D. 7. Excretion of waste products and foreign substances: The kidneys hel p to excrete waste products and foreign substance from the body by forming urine (for release from the body). Examples of waste products from metabolic reactions within the body include  ammonia  (from the breakdown of  amino acids),  bilirubin  (from the breakdown of haemoglobin), and  creatinine  (from the breakdown of creatine phosphate in muscle fibres). Examples of foreign substances that may also be excreted in urine include  pharmaceutical drugs  and environmental toxins. Functions of the Ureters: 1. There are two ureters, one leading from each kidney to the urinary bladder. Each of these  transports  urine from the renal pelvis of the kidney to which it is attached, to the bladder (see diagram on the page about  components of the urinary system). . Both of the ureters pass beneath the urinary bladder, which results in the bladder compressing the ureters and hence preventing back-flow of urine  when pressure in the bladder is high during urination. This prevention of back-flow is important because when it is not operating correctly cystitis, which is inflamma tion of the ureter / urinary bladder, may develop into a kidney infection. Functions of the Bladder: 1. The purpose of the urinary bladder is to store urine prior to elimination of the urine from the body. 2. The bladder also expels urine into the urethra by a process called  micturition  (also known as urination). Micturition involves the actions of both voluntary and involuntary muscles. Lack of voluntary control over this process is referred to as incontinence. Functions of the Urethra: 1. The urethra is the passageway through which urine is discharged from the body. 2. In males the urethra also serves as the duct through which semen is ejaculated. Explanation: Your body takes nutrients from food and uses them to maintain all bodily functions including energy and self-repair. After your body has taken what it needs from the food, waste products are left behind in the blood and in the bowel. The urinary system works with the lungs, skin, and intestines—all of which also excrete wastes—to keep the chemicals and water in your body balanced. Adults eliminate about a quart and a half of urine each day. The amount depends on many factors, especially the amounts of fluid and food a person consumes and how much fluid is lost through sweat and breathing. Certain types of medications can also affect the amount of urine eliminated. * Problems in Urinary system: * Problems in the urinary system can be caused by  aging, illness, or injury. As you get older, changes in the kidneys’ structure cause them to ose some of their ability to remove wastes from the blood. Also, the muscles in your ureters, bladder, and urethra tend to lose some of their strength. You may have more urinary infections because the bladder muscles do not tighten enough to empty your bladder completely. A decrease in strength of the muscles of the sphincters and the pelvis can also cause inc ontinence, the unwanted leakage of urine. Illness or injury can also prevent the kidneys from filtering the blood completely or block the passage of urine. * Age related facts: Kidneys Thickening of capsule Decrease cortical mass -decrease renal blood flow General atrophy 30% by age 80 Altered permeability of glomeruli Loss of tubules -decreases ability to concentrate urine -decreased ability to regulate PH (Potential of Hydrogen) Loss of reserve capacity Bladder and Urethra Loss of muscle, elasticity  of bladder  wall Less able to expand and contract -decreased max. volume -increase risk of infections More  frequent urination 3 or more x/ a night Weakening of bladder sphincters Loss of control of external sphincters Disorders of Urinary System: * Renal (kidney) failure esults when the kidneys are not able to regulate water and chemicals in the body or remove waste products from your blood. Acute renal failure (ARF) is the sudden onset of kidney failure. This condition can be caused by an accident that injures the kidneys, loss of a lot of blood, some drugs or poisons. ARF may lead to permanent loss of kidney function. But if the kidneys are not seriously damaged, they may recove r. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the gradual reduction of kidney function that may lead to permanent kidney failure, or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). You may go several years without knowing you have CKD. * Prostatitis 1. Bladder 2. Normal Prostate Gland 3. Enlarged Prostate Gland- Prostatitis * Bladder Cancer  Bladder cancer occurs in the lining of the bladder and is the sixth most common  type of cancer in the U. S. Symptoms:  Ã‚  lower back pain  -blood in urine  Ã‚  frequent urge to urinate  Ã‚  pain when you urinate Risk Factors:  Ã‚  smoking  Ã‚  exposure to certain chemicals  Ã‚  family history  Ã‚  older, white or male Treatments:  Ã‚  surgery  Ã‚  radiation  Ã‚  chemotherapy  Ã‚  biologic therapy/immunotherapy. Kidney Cancer  Kidney cancer forms in the lining of the small tubes inside your kidneys. Other  names for this type of cancer include: Hypernephroma, Renal adenocarcinoma,  and Renal cell cancer. Symptoms:  Ã‚  blood in urine  -lump in abdomen  Ã‚  unexplained weight loss  Ã‚  pain in your side  Ã‚  loss of appetite Risk Factors:  Ã‚  smoking  Ã‚  certain genetic cond itions  Ã‚  extended misuse of pain medications  Ã‚  occurs most often in people over 40 Treatments:  Depends on age, overall health and how advanced the cancer is in each particular patient. It can include:  Ã‚  surgery  Ã‚  radiation  Ã‚  chemotherapy  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  biologic therapy/immunotherapy

Ghost Story of the Sacrament Dog Essay -- Ghost Stories Urban Legends

The Sacrament Dog The modern ghost story has become a sort of rite of passage in American culture. At the youngest age, children are scared by their older siblings’ renditions of a ghoulish tale. Teenagers nationwide think it is their duty to investigate their town’s local haunting at least once before graduating high school. Once these teens transition into adulthood, they begin to scoff at the stories they once embraced, criticizing the irrational content and telling their children that they are silly for believing in such blasphemy. Finally, such disbelief is somewhat removed when people reach an elderly state, and they begin to relish in the joy of passing on ghostly stories to younger generations, not necessarily with the intention to scare, but with a desire to preserve a history and tradition unique to their personal life experience. Ghost stories are thus an integral part of the human life, not only reflecting the â€Å"hopes, fears, and anxieties† of various societies and cultures (Brunvand 2), but also making up a great portion of how humans define themselves and their lives. It is not surprising, then, that when I interviewed various members of the University of Maryland community, I was able to find many students with a ghost story (or two or three) on hand to share. One tale that I found particularly interesting and in-depth, and which will be discussed here, was told to me on one ironically-appropriate stormy night in a dorm room full of college students. The storyteller was a nineteen-year old, male freshman from Narstown, PA, majoring in English and Government and Politics. His mother is a nurse and his father is a telecommunications analyst. The story was about his Catholic college-preparatory high school in Penn... ...g the latter element, the anxiety of the Catholic faith to keep its young followers intact by instilling in them a fear of wondering astray or a hope for salvation is reflected in the story’s pro-Catholic sentiment, unnecessary for the general spookiness of the story, but fitting in the Catholic school setting. Thus, ghost stories are note intended to be merely spooky. Works Cited Brunvand, Jan Harold. The Vanishing Hitchhiker: American Urban Legends & Their Meanings. New York: W.W. Norton, 1981. Maryland Ghost and Spirit Association. Ed. Beverly Litsinger. 2006. 8 April 2006 http://marylandghosts.com/. Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Pennsylvania. Ed. Dave Juliano. 2005. 8 April 2006 http://theshadowlands.net/places/pennsylvania.htm. UMD Legends Index. Ed. David Schlossman. 2005. 7 April 2006 http://www.wam.umd.edu/~dschloss/Legends/index.htm.